Artificial chilling for floral induction in strawberries
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2025v46n5p1567Keywords:
Fragaria × ananassa, Adaptability, Floral induction, Chilling periods, Domestic seedlings.Abstract
Strawberry cultivation holds significant socioeconomic importance throughout the world, particularly because it is largely family based. Recently, strawberry production has faced constraints, as the main cultivars grown globally require a certain number of chilling hours for floral induction; thus, growers in tropical and subtropical areas are required to import nursery plants that provide these conditions. This importation has significantly increased the cost of strawberry production. The chilling requirement can be supplemented artificially via growth chambers. This study evaluated the production, post-harvest, and physiological aspects of three strawberry cultivars (Albion, Monterey, and San Andreas) subjected to different vernalization periods (10, 20, or 30 days). The research was conducted in a low tunnel system, where agronomic parameters (the number of commercial and non-commercial fruit, the total fruit weight, and the commercial fruit weight), fruit quality (titratable acidity, vitamin C, reducing sugars, anthocyanins, phenolic compounds, total soluble solids, and the titratable acidity to total soluble solids ratio), and physiological parameters (stomatal conductance, net photosynthesis, transpiration rate, internal cellular carbon, and total chlorophyll) were evaluated. The results revealed a genotype × environment interaction, with the cultivars responding variably depending on the duration of cold exposure. Vernalization in a controlled environment during seedling formation generally promoted gains in productive yield and physiological performance, and slight improvements in fruit quality. In conclusion, vernalization in a cold chamber offers benefits that can help reduce the importation of seedlings and thus lower costs for farmers and increase their profitability.
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