The objective of this work is to discuss the analysis of forest conservation within the monopolization of land. The Brazilian capitalist development model allows the private ownership of land that remains stable in the hands of a small portion of the population, given this logic imposes itself to the challenge of forest conservation developments expressed in the legislation. In the first chapter, we consider elements of the environmental issue, which was combined with the elements of the agrarian question in Brazil and Paraná. At the second chapter the environmental policies are contextualized by recording the changes in the legislation in different temporal clippings to the current change of the Forest Code of 1965, repealed by the law 12.651/12. The third chapter provides a link between the agrarian question and the environmental issue from an accurate cut: the city of Londrina. The sources are secondary and official data obtained from interviews with farmers and institutional mediators, such as the Municipal Secretariat of the Environment, the Environmental Institute of Paraná, as well as the geo-referenced information from the districts of Maravilha e São Luiz. According to official data of the agricultural census of 2006, the responsible for the establishments stated that there are only 16,829 acres preserved by APP and RL, in fact this number had a weak significance under the Maintenance System, Restoration and Protection of Permanent Preservation Areas and Legal Forest Reserve (SISLEG) which registered only 9.181.65 hectares divided into RL and APP, this total only 5.345,56 hectares are in legal reserves. It is concluded that the situation of the district doesn't differ significantly from other scales, being at state or federal level, revealing the dangerous burden to the society attributed by rentier interests that reaffirm the absolute right of ownership, expressed for example, in the regression of the environmental legislation.
