Agro-economic efficiency dynamics in vegetable cowpea and radish cultivar combinations in strip-intercropping systems
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n3Supl1p1453Keywords:
Vigna unguiculata, Raphanus sativus, Crop association., Complementarity and sustainability.Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the dynamics of agro-economic efficiency in combinations of vegetable cowpea and radish cultivars in strip-intercropping systems through agronomic, economic and competition indices tested by the Hsu test in a semi-arid environment. The experimental design was a completely randomised block with eight treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of combinations of four cowpea cultivars, BRS Tumucumaque, BRS Cauamé, BRS Guariba, and BRS Itaim, with two radish cultivars, Crimson Gigante and Zapp. In each block, individual plots of these cultivars in single cultivation were planted as additional treatments to obtain the system indices. The indices of agronomic and economic efficiency and of competition evaluated were land equivalent ratio (LER), actual yield loss (AYL), land use efficiency (LUE%), score of the canonical variable (Z), gross income (GI), net income (NI), rate of return (RR), corrected monetary advantage (CMA), competitive ratio (CR) and the aggressivity of radish over cowpea (Ar) and cowpea over radish (Avc). The cowpea cultivar BRS Tumucumaque, when combined with the radish cultivar Zapp, provided the highest agro-economic efficiency of the intercropped system in a semi-arid environment. The complementarity and sustainability of the intercropping systems of cowpea and radish were observed in the results of the Hsu test applied to the indices of agro-economic efficiency and of competition. Radish was the dominant crop.Downloads
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References
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McGilchrist, C. A., & Trenbath, B. R. (1971). A revised analysis of plant competition experiments. Biometrics, 27(3), 659-671. doi: 10.2307/2528603
Negreiros, M. Z., Bezerra, F., Neto, Porto, V. C. N., & Santos, R. H. S. (2002). Cultivares de alface em sistemas solteiro e consorciado com cenoura em Mossoró. Horticultura Brasileira, 20(2), 162-166. doi: 10.1590/S0102-05362002000200008
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Pinto, C. M., Sizenando, F. A., Fº., Cysne, J. R. B., & Pitombeira, J. B. (2011). Produtividade e indices competição da mamona consorciada com gergelim, algodão, milho e feijão caupi. Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, 6(2), 75-85.
Qasem, J. R. (2011). Herbicides applications: problems and considerations, herbicides and environment. Croatia: IntechOpen.
Willey, R. W. (1979). Intercropping: its importance and research needs. Part 1. Competition and yield advantages. Field Crop Abstracts, 32(1), 1-20.
Willey, R. W., & Rao, M. R. (1980). A competitive ratio for quantifying competition between intercrops. Experimental Agriculture, 16(2), 117-125. doi: 10.1017/S0014479700010802
Xu, B., Li, F. M., & Shan, L. (2008). Switchgrass and milkvetch intercropping under 2:1 row-replacement in semiarid region, northwest China: aboveground biomass and water use efficiency. European Journal of Agronomy, 28(3), 485-492. doi: 10.1016/j.eja.2007.11.011
Alvares, C. A., Stape, J. L., Sentelhas, P. C., Gonçalves, J. L. M., & Sparovek. (2014). G. Koppen's climate classification map for Brazil. Metereologische Zeitschrift, 22(6), 711-728. doi: 10.1127/0941-2948/ 2013/0507
Banik, P. (1996). Evaluation of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and legume intercropping under 1:1 and 2:1 row-replacement series system. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 176(5), 289-294. doi: 10.1111/j.14 39-037X.1996.tb00473.x
Belel, M. D., Halim, R. A., Rafii, M. Y., & Saud, H. M. (2014). Intercropping of corn with some selected legumes for improved forage production: A review. Journal of Agricultural Science, 6(3), 48-62. doi: 10.5539/jas.v6n3p48
Bezerra, F., Neto, & Robichaux, R. H. (1997). Spatial arrangement and density effects on an annual cotton/cowpea/maize intercrop. II. Yield and biomass. Pesquisa AgropecuaÌria Brasileira, 32(10), 1029-1037.
Bezerra, F., Neto, Gomes, E. G., Araújo, R. R., Oliveira, E. Q., Nunes, G. H. S., Grangeiro, L. C., & Azevedo, C. M. S. B. (2010). Evaluation of yield advantage indexes in carrot-lettuce intercropping systems. Interciencia, 35(1), 59-64.
Cecílio, A. B., Fº., A. B., Bezerra, F., Neto, Rezende, B. L. A., Barros, A. P., Jr., & Lima, J. S. S. (2015). Indices of bio-agroeconomic efficiency in intercropping systems of cucumber and lettuce in greenhouse. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 9(12), 1154-1164.
Chen, P., Du, Q., Liu, X., Zhou, L., Hussain, S., Lei, L.,… Yong, T. (2017). Effects of reduced nitrogen inputs on crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency in a long-term maize-soybean relay strip intercropping system. PloS One, 12(9), 1-19. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184503
Costa, A. P., Bezerra, F., Neto, Silva, M. L., Lima, J. S. S., Barros, A. P., Jr., & Porto, V. C. N. (2017). Intercropping of carrot x cowpea-vegetables: evaluation of cultivar combinations fertilized with roostertree. Revista Caatinga, 30(3), 633-641, 2017. doi: 10.1590/1983-21252017 v30n311r
Equipe Estatcamp (2014). Software Action. São Carlos: Estatcamp - Consultoria em estatística e qualidade. Recuperado de http://www.portalaction.combr/
Ferreira, D. F. (2011). Sisvar: a computer statistical analysis system. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, 35(6), 1039-1042. doi: 10.1590/S1413-70542011000600001
Gendy, A. S. H., Nosir, W. S., & Nawar, D. A. S. (2017). Evaluation of competitive indices between roselle and cowpea as influenced by intercropping system and bio-fertilization type. Middle East Journal of Agriculture Research, 6(1), 199-207.
Ghosh, P. K., Das, A., Saha, R., Kharkrang, E., Tripathi, A. K., Munda, G. C., & Ngachan, S. V. (2010). Conservation agriculture towards achieving food security in North East India. Current Science, 99(7), 915-921.
He, H., Yang, L., Fan, L., Zhao, L., Wu, H., Yang, J., & Li, C. (2011). The effect of intercropping of maize and soybean on microclimate. In D. Li, & Y. Chen (Eds.), Computer and computing technologies in agriculture (v. 369, pp. 257-263). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-27278-3_27
Hiebsch, C. K., & McCollum, R. E. (1987). Area x time equivalency ratio: a method for evaluating the productivity of intercrops. Agronomy Journal, 79(1), 15-22. doi: 10.2134/agronj1987.00021962007900 010004x
Himmelstein, J., Ares, A., Gallagher, D., & Myers, J. (2017). A meta-analysis of intercropping in Africa: impacts on crop yield, farmer income, and integrated pest management effects. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 25(1), 1-10. doi: 10.1080/14735903.2016.1242332
Hsu, J. C. (1981). Simultaneous confidence intervals for all distances from the "best". Annals of Statistics, 9(5), 1026-1034.
Iqbal, M. A., Hamid, A., Ahmad, T., Siddiqui, M. H., Hussain, I., Ali, S.,… Ahmad, Z. (2019). Forage sorghum-legumes intercropping: effect on growth, yields, nutritional quality and economic returns. Bragantia, 78(1), 82-95. doi: 10.1590/1678-4499.2017363
Karanja, S. M., Kibe, A. M., Karogo, P. N., & Mwangi, M. (2014). Effects of intercrop population density and row orientation on growth and yields of sorghum-cowpea cropping systems in semi-arid Rongai, Kenya. Journal of Agricultural Science, 6(5), 34-43. doi: 10.5539/jas.v6n5p34
Kebebew, S., Belete, K., & Tana, T. (2014). Productivity evaluation of maize-soybean intercropping system under rainfed condition at Bench-Maji Zone, Ethiopia. European Researcher, 79(7), 1301-1309. doi: 10.13187/er.2014.2.1301
Lima, J. S. S., Bezerra, F., Neto, Negreiros, M. Z., Ribeiro, M. C. C., & Barros, A. P., Jr. (2010). Productive performance of carrot and rocket cultivars in strip-intercropping system and sole crops. Agrociência, 44(5), 561-574.
McGilchrist, C. A., & Trenbath, B. R. (1971). A revised analysis of plant competition experiments. Biometrics, 27(3), 659-671. doi: 10.2307/2528603
Negreiros, M. Z., Bezerra, F., Neto, Porto, V. C. N., & Santos, R. H. S. (2002). Cultivares de alface em sistemas solteiro e consorciado com cenoura em Mossoró. Horticultura Brasileira, 20(2), 162-166. doi: 10.1590/S0102-05362002000200008
Oseni, T. O. (2010). Evaluation of sorghum-cowpea intercropping productivity in Savanna Agro-Ecology using competition indices. Journal of Agricultural Science, 2(3), 229-233. doi: 10.5539/jas.v2n3p229
Pinto, C. M., Sizenando, F. A., Fº., Cysne, J. R. B., & Pitombeira, J. B. (2011). Produtividade e indices competição da mamona consorciada com gergelim, algodão, milho e feijão caupi. Revista Verde de Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, 6(2), 75-85.
Qasem, J. R. (2011). Herbicides applications: problems and considerations, herbicides and environment. Croatia: IntechOpen.
Willey, R. W. (1979). Intercropping: its importance and research needs. Part 1. Competition and yield advantages. Field Crop Abstracts, 32(1), 1-20.
Willey, R. W., & Rao, M. R. (1980). A competitive ratio for quantifying competition between intercrops. Experimental Agriculture, 16(2), 117-125. doi: 10.1017/S0014479700010802
Xu, B., Li, F. M., & Shan, L. (2008). Switchgrass and milkvetch intercropping under 2:1 row-replacement in semiarid region, northwest China: aboveground biomass and water use efficiency. European Journal of Agronomy, 28(3), 485-492. doi: 10.1016/j.eja.2007.11.011
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2021-04-22
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Azevedo, I. B. S., Bezerra Neto, F., Lima, J. S. S. de, Nunes, R. L. C., Santos, E. C. dos, Chaves, A. P., & Silva, J. N. da. (2021). Agro-economic efficiency dynamics in vegetable cowpea and radish cultivar combinations in strip-intercropping systems. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 42(3Supl1), 1453–1472. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n3Supl1p1453
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