Effect of pyraclostrobin on disease control and ruminal degradation of winter cereal forage harvested at different developmental stages
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2025v46n6p1807Keywords:
Fungicide, Helminthosporiosis, Powdery mildew, Rust, Strobilurin.Abstract
The objective was to evaluate the incidence of diseases, ruminal degradation of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber, and possible alterations in the chlorophyll and nitrogen content of the forage of three winter crops: wheat (Triticum aestivum L.; cultivar BRS Umbu), white oat (Avena sativa L.; cultivar URS Guará), and black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.; cultivar Embrapa 139), associated with the application or not of the fungicide pyraclostrobin, with the forage harvested at different developmental stages. Pyraclostrobin was sprayed at a rate of 0.6 L ha-1 (250 g L-1) in two applications during stage 5, the first application at the V5 phenological stage (elongation), 54 days after sowing (DAS), and the second at 66 DAS. Evaluations were carried out at three successive and distinct stages during crop development, by manually harvesting the plants 8 cm above the ground, according to each treatment, at stages 5 and 7, following the Feekes scale (Large, 1954) for hay production, as well as sequentially at stage 11.2 for silage production. Disease control evaluations were carried out at 59, 81, and 127 DAS, showing that pyraclostrobin increased the percentage of symptom-free plants from 41.1% to 56.7% at stage 5 and from 0.3% to 46.7% at stage 7 compared to the control treatment, regardless of the forage species. The application of pyraclostrobin, regardless of the forage species, improved ruminal degradation at stage 11.2, from 58.1% to 68.4% compared to the control treatment; decreased chlorophyll a content from 37.7% to 36.4% during the vegetative phase and from 38.3% to 37.0% during the full vegetative phase, while increasing total nitrogen content from 3.64% to 4.10% at the vegetative phase and from 3.33% to 3.56% at the full vegetative phase, respectively. Using pyraclostrobin in winter cereals for forage production is recommended because it efficiently controls diseases, increases rumen degradability of neutral detergent fiber and dry matter, and promotes positive changes in plant nitrogen content.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Bruno José Venancio, Marlon Richard Hílario da Silva, Leandro Alvarenga Santos, Ellen Baldissera, Valéria Kalinovski, Nicolli Soethe Mokochinski, Livia Alessi Ienke, Paulo Victor Pinheiro Cesar, Valter Harry Bumbieris Júnior, Mikael Neumann
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