Canine atopic dermatitis and its socioeconomic, environmental and public policy risk factors in Belém do Pará, Eastern Amazon, Brazil: a cross-sectional and ecological study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2025v46n6p1733Keywords:
Epidemiology, Geoprocessing, Dermatophagoides farina, Allergens.Abstract
Canine atopic dermatitis consists of inflammatory, pruritic skin lesions caused by bacterial infections, resulting in increased immunoglobulin E levels, and related to the animals' dietary habits. In Brazil, this condition is a serious animal health problem due to the socioeconomic, environmental, and health policy factors associated with its occurrence. Therefore, this cross-sectional, ecological study analyzed the spatial distribution of the disease seen at a public veterinary service and its relationship with these factors in Belém, Pará, Brazil, from 2021 to 2023. Data from the Prof. Mário Dias Teixeira Veterinary Hospital, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, and the National Institute of Meteorology were used, processed using descriptive, inferential, and spatial statistical techniques. Most records were recorded in females up to 5 years of age, of mixed breed, and in the first quarter of each year during the study period. The location of cases by neighborhood was not homogeneous across the municipality, with clusters associated with high rainfall, a high human development index, and short distances to care in the Guamá, Marco, and Pedreira neighborhoods. The epidemiological profile produced followed the national trend. Regarding territorialization, a hierarchy of access to care institutions was observed, based on the route and time taken. However, the combination of vulnerabilities identified pointed to epidemiological silence in the periphery of the study area. This fact poses a major challenge for dermatitis surveillance, given the persistence of its risk factors. The technologies employed were satisfactory for the study, demonstrating the need for increased care for animal health diseases.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Nelson Veiga Gonçalves, Déborah Mara Costa de Oliveira, Nícolas Nishiyama Soares, Bruno Yudi Shimomaebara Sousa, Alanna do Socorro Lima da Silva, Marcella Katheryne Marques Bernal, Rodrigo Silva de Sousa, Maria de Fátima Pinheiro Carrera, Emerson Cordeiro Morais, Cláudia do Socorro Carvalho Miranda
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